VIDYA UNNATI ACADEMY
Solar System :- The Solar System is the Sun and all the objects that orbit around it. The Sun
is orbited by planets, asteroids, comets and other things. ... It contains
99.9% of the Solar System's mass. This means that it has strong gravity.
the collection of eight planets and their moons in orbit round the sun,
together with smaller bodies in the form of asteroids, meteoroids, and comets.
The planets of the solar system are (in order of distance from the sun)
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
• Distance
of the Sun from the Earth: 149.6 million km.
• Diameter of the Sun: 1.391016 million km.
• Largest,
most massive planet: Jupiter.
• Smallest,
least massive planet: Mercury.
• Hottest
planet: Venus. Official Facebook page click here
• Fastest
orbiting planet: Mercury.
• Planets
having no moons: Mercury and Venus.
• Distance
of the Moon from the Earth: 384,400 km.
• Diameter
of the Moon: 3,474 km.
• Time taken
by the Moon to revolve around the earth: 27 days 7 hours 43 minutes 11.47 seconds.
Eight Planets of Our Solar System
Planet is a large round object in the
space which moves around a star (such as the sun) and receives light from it.
The term planets is derived from the Greek word 'planetes' meaning wanderers.
1• Mercury:- Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun. Its diameter is
4,878 km. and is at an average distance of 57,909,100 km. from the Sun. This
planet is named "Mercury' after Roman God of travel because it appears to
move so swiftly. The period of revolution of Mercury is about 88 days.
2 • Venus:- Venus is the brighest of all the
planets and is slightly smaller than the earth. Its diameter is 12,102 km. and
is at a distance of 108,208,900 km. from the Sun. Its rotational period is 243
days and 14 minutes. The term "Venus' is the Roman name for the Goddess of
Love.
Read Also:- Opposite words in assamese click here
3• Earth:- Earth is the fifth largest planet of
our Solar System. Its equatorial diameter is about 12,756 km and has a polar
diameter of 12,714 km. The Earth is at a distance of 149,597,900 km. from the
sun and it makes one revolution In 365 days. It completes one revolution on its
axis every 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4.091 second (approximately 24 hours). The
name Earth comes from the Indo-European base 'er', which produced the Germanic
noun ertho, Dutch aarde'. Related forms include Greek 'eraze' meaning 'On the
ground' and Welsh 'erw' meaning 'field'. The 'Moon'3 is the only satellite of
the Earth.
4 • Mars:- It is the first planet beyond the
Earth. Its equatorial diameter is 6,794 km. and polar diameter is 6,752 km. It
is 227,940,500 km. away from the Sun. Mars completes its one revolution around
the Sun in about 687 days. The planet 'Mars'is named by the Romans for their
God of War because of its red colour like blood. Phobos and Deimos are the two
satellites of Mars.
5• Jupiter:- With an equatorial diameter of
1,42,880 km. and a polar diameter of 133,540 km., Jupiter is the largest planet
of our Solar System. The distance between Jupiter and the Sun is 778,333,000
km. Jupiter completes one revolution in 4,332.62 days (about 12 years). The
planet Jupiter was named Zesus by the Greeks and Jupiter by the Romans.
Zesus/Jupiter was the mostimportant deity of both pantheons. Jupiter has 16
satellites. These are Adrastea, Amathea, Lo, Thebe, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto,
Himalia, Leda, Lysithia, Elara, Ananke, Carme, Pasiphae, Sinope and Metis.
6.Saturn:- It is second in size to Jupiter and
is about 1,426,978,000 km. away from the Sun. Its equatorial diameter is
120,500 km. and polar diameter is 106,900 km. from the sun. It revolves round the
Sun in 10,759.06 .days (about 30 years).Saturn was the Roman name for the Greek
Cronos, God of farming and the father of Zesus/Jupiter. It has 18 satellites.
These are Pan, Atlas, Prometheus, Pandora, Janus, Epimetheus, Mimas, Enceladus,
Tethys, Telesto, Calypso, Dione, Helene, Rhea, Titan, Hyperion, Lapetus and
Phoebe.
7• Uranus:- It is the seventh planet to the Sun.
Its equatorial diameter is 51,400 km. and polar Diameter is 50,3000 km. It is
at a distance of 2,870,991,000 km from the Sun. It revolves round the Sun in
30,707.79 days (about 84 years). Uranus was named for the Greek God of the sky.
The satellites of Uranus are: Cordeila, Ophelia, Bianca, Cressida, Desdemona,
Juliet, Portia, Rosalind, Belinda, Puck, Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania,
Oberon, Caliban, Sycorax, Prospero, Setebos, Stephano and Trinculo.
8 • Neptune:-: It is the eighth planet from the sun. It has an equatorial diameter of 48,600 km. and polar diameter of 47,500 km. It is at a distance of 4,497,070,000 km. away from the Sun and takes 60,199.63 days (nearly 165 years) to make one revolution round the Sun. Naptune is a blue planet, was named for the Roman God of the sea. It has eight satellites. These are Naiad, Despina, Thalassa, Larissa, Galatea, Triton, Proteus, and Nereid.
•
Dwarf Planet:
In 2006, the
International Astronomical Union defined dwarf planet as a celestial body that
(a) is in orbit around the Sun; (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to
overcome rigid forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round)
shape; (c) has not clear the neighbourhood around its orbit, and (d) is not a
satellite.
The IAU
currently recognises five dwarf planets-Ceres. Pluto, Haumea, Makemake and
Eris.
Ceres:
Ceres was
classified as a dwarf planet by International Astronomical Union in 2006, along
with Pluto and Eris. It was discovered on January 1, 1801 by the Italian
astronomer Giusappe Piazzi. It is the largest asteroid in the main asteroid
belt. Ceres has a diameter of about 975 km and orbits around the sun once every
4.6 years. The orbit of Ceres lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
Pluto: Pluto is the second largest dwarf planet in the solar system
after Eris. It was officially de-recognised of its status of planet of our
solar system's ninth planet by International Astronomical Union in 2006. Itis
one of the largest members of a distinct class of celestial bodies known as
Kuiper Belt Pluto, having amass of about 1.3 x 1002 kg, is primarily composed
of rock and ice.
Eris: Eris, first spotted in January 2005, is the largest dwarf
planet in our solar system. It is a large sphere of ice and rock, having a
diameter of 2500 km. Eris orbits around the Sun once in 557 years.
Makemake: Makemake was discovered in March 2005 by a team of
astronomers led by Mike Brown. It was officially recognised as a dwarf planet
in July 2008. Like Eris, it is also a Kuiper Belt object. It takes nearly 310
years to orbit the Sun once. Its diameter is between 1300 and 1900 km.
Haumea:
Haumea was
classified as a dwarf planet in September 2008. It is a large Kuiper Belt
object and takes 285 years to orbit the Sun once. Haumea is elliptical in shape
with a diameter of 1960 km.
