Our Solar System | Overview | Eight planet Of the solar System

   VIDYA UNNATI ACADEMY

   Some facts about the Solar System  

Solar System :-  The Solar System is the Sun and all the objects that orbit around it. The Sun is orbited by planets, asteroids, comets and other things. ... It contains 99.9% of the Solar System's mass. This means that it has strong gravity. the collection of eight planets and their moons in orbit round the sun, together with smaller bodies in the form of asteroids, meteoroids, and comets. The planets of the solar system are (in order of distance from the sun) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

• Distance of the Sun from the Earth: 149.6 million km.

 • Diameter of the Sun: 1.391016 million km.

• Largest, most massive planet: Jupiter.

• Smallest, least massive planet: Mercury.

• Hottest planet: Venus.                  Official Facebook page click here

• Fastest orbiting planet: Mercury.

• Planets having no moons: Mercury and Venus.

• Distance of the Moon from the Earth: 384,400 km.

• Diameter of the Moon: 3,474 km.

• Time taken by the Moon to revolve around the earth: 27 days 7 hours 43 minutes 11.47 seconds.

                     Eight Planets of Our Solar System

          Planet is a large round object in the space which moves around a star (such as the sun) and receives light from it. The term planets is derived from the Greek word 'planetes' meaning wanderers.

1• Mercury:- Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun. Its diameter is 4,878 km. and is at an average distance of 57,909,100 km. from the Sun. This planet is named "Mercury' after Roman God of travel because it appears to move so swiftly. The period of revolution of Mercury is about 88 days.

2 • Venus:- Venus is the brighest of all the planets and is slightly smaller than the earth. Its diameter is 12,102 km. and is at a distance of 108,208,900 km. from the Sun. Its rotational period is 243 days and 14 minutes. The term "Venus' is the Roman name for the Goddess of Love.

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3• Earth:- Earth is the fifth largest planet of our Solar System. Its equatorial diameter is about 12,756 km and has a polar diameter of 12,714 km. The Earth is at a distance of 149,597,900 km. from the sun and it makes one revolution In 365 days. It completes one revolution on its axis every 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4.091 second (approximately 24 hours). The name Earth comes from the Indo-European base 'er', which produced the Germanic noun ertho, Dutch aarde'. Related forms include Greek 'eraze' meaning 'On the ground' and Welsh 'erw' meaning 'field'. The 'Moon'3 is the only satellite of the Earth.

4 • Mars:- It is the first planet beyond the Earth. Its equatorial diameter is 6,794 km. and polar diameter is 6,752 km. It is 227,940,500 km. away from the Sun. Mars completes its one revolution around the Sun in about 687 days. The planet 'Mars'is named by the Romans for their God of War because of its red colour like blood. Phobos and Deimos are the two satellites of Mars.

5• Jupiter:- With an equatorial diameter of 1,42,880 km. and a polar diameter of 133,540 km., Jupiter is the largest planet of our Solar System. The distance between Jupiter and the Sun is 778,333,000 km. Jupiter completes one revolution in 4,332.62 days (about 12 years). The planet Jupiter was named Zesus by the Greeks and Jupiter by the Romans. Zesus/Jupiter was the mostimportant deity of both pantheons. Jupiter has 16 satellites. These are Adrastea, Amathea, Lo, Thebe, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, Himalia, Leda, Lysithia, Elara, Ananke, Carme, Pasiphae, Sinope and Metis.  

6.Saturn:- It is second in size to Jupiter and is about 1,426,978,000 km. away from the Sun. Its equatorial diameter is 120,500 km. and polar diameter is 106,900 km. from the sun. It revolves round the Sun in 10,759.06 .days (about 30 years).Saturn was the Roman name for the Greek Cronos, God of farming and the father of Zesus/Jupiter. It has 18 satellites. These are Pan, Atlas, Prometheus, Pandora, Janus, Epimetheus, Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Telesto, Calypso, Dione, Helene, Rhea, Titan, Hyperion, Lapetus and Phoebe.

7• Uranus:- It is the seventh planet to the Sun. Its equatorial diameter is 51,400 km. and polar Diameter is 50,3000 km. It is at a distance of 2,870,991,000 km from the Sun. It revolves round the Sun in 30,707.79 days (about 84 years). Uranus was named for the Greek God of the sky. The satellites of Uranus are: Cordeila, Ophelia, Bianca, Cressida, Desdemona, Juliet, Portia, Rosalind, Belinda, Puck, Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, Oberon, Caliban, Sycorax, Prospero, Setebos, Stephano and Trinculo.

8 • Neptune:-: It is the eighth planet from the sun. It has an equatorial diameter of 48,600 km. and polar diameter of 47,500 km. It is at a distance of 4,497,070,000 km. away from the Sun and takes 60,199.63 days (nearly 165 years) to make one revolution round the Sun. Naptune is a blue planet, was named for the Roman God of the sea. It has eight satellites. These are Naiad, Despina, Thalassa, Larissa, Galatea, Triton, Proteus, and Nereid.  

• Dwarf Planet: In 2006, the International Astronomical Union defined dwarf planet as a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun; (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape; (c) has not clear the neighbourhood around its orbit, and (d) is not a satellite.

The IAU currently recognises five dwarf planets-Ceres. Pluto, Haumea, Makemake and Eris.

Ceres: Ceres was classified as a dwarf planet by International Astronomical Union in 2006, along with Pluto and Eris. It was discovered on January 1, 1801 by the Italian astronomer Giusappe Piazzi. It is the largest asteroid in the main asteroid belt. Ceres has a diameter of about 975 km and orbits around the sun once every 4.6 years. The orbit of Ceres lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.

 Pluto: Pluto is the second largest dwarf planet in the solar system after Eris. It was officially de-recognised of its status of planet of our solar system's ninth planet by International Astronomical Union in 2006. Itis one of the largest members of a distinct class of celestial bodies known as Kuiper Belt Pluto, having amass of about 1.3 x 1002 kg, is primarily composed of rock and ice.

 Eris: Eris, first spotted in January 2005, is the largest dwarf planet in our solar system. It is a large sphere of ice and rock, having a diameter of 2500 km. Eris orbits around the Sun once in 557 years.

 Makemake: Makemake was discovered in March 2005 by a team of astronomers led by Mike Brown. It was officially recognised as a dwarf planet in July 2008. Like Eris, it is also a Kuiper Belt object. It takes nearly 310 years to orbit the Sun once. Its diameter is between 1300 and 1900 km.

Haumea: Haumea was classified as a dwarf planet in September 2008. It is a large Kuiper Belt object and takes 285 years to orbit the Sun once. Haumea is elliptical in shape with a diameter of 1960 km.