SEBA Class 10 English First Flight – All Chapters Full Solutions (2025) | Summary, Q&A, Extra Questions

 

Complete Guide to SEBA Class 10 English – First Flight (Prose) Chapters: Summaries, Questions & Answers, Extra Q&A

Chapter 1: A Letter to God

By Gregorio López y Fuentes

Published on: Vidya Unnati Academy

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Chapter Summary (Long Explanation)

The story "A Letter to God" is a powerful tale of faith, hope, and irony. It is set in a Latin American country, where a poor but hardworking farmer named Lencho awaits rain to nourish his crops. He is deeply religious and believes God helps the honest. Finally, when rain clouds arrive, he rejoices. But the rain soon turns into a devastating hailstorm, destroying his entire crop—his only hope for survival.

Heartbroken, Lencho decides to write a letter to God asking for 100 pesos to re-sow his fields and feed his family. His childlike faith in God is unshaken. He mails the letter. The postmaster, touched by Lencho's faith, gathers money from his employees and contributes some himself. They collect 70 pesos and send it to Lencho.

However, Lencho, unaware of their kindness, becomes angry when he finds only 70 pesos. He believes God sent the full amount, but the post office employees stole 30 pesos, and he writes again to God asking not to send the rest through the post office thieves.

The story ends with dramatic irony—we know the truth, but Lencho doesn’t. It reflects unshakeable faith, human kindness, and the misunderstanding of intentions.

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Oral Comprehension Check (Detailed Answers)

Page 5

Q1. What did Lencho hope for?

Ans: Lencho hoped for a good rain that would help his crops grow. His fields needed water badly, and he believed that a rainfall would ensure a good harvest.

Q2. Why did Lencho say the raindrops were like ‘new coins’?

Ans: Lencho compared the raindrops to new coins because he believed the rain would help grow his crops and eventually bring money. The rain symbolized prosperity for him.

Q3. How did the rain change? What happened to Lencho’s fields?

Ans: Initially, the rain was gentle and refreshing. But soon, it turned into a strong hailstorm. The hailstones destroyed the entire crop, leaving nothing behind.

Q4. What were Lencho’s feelings when the hail stopped?

Ans: Lencho was heartbroken and worried. He felt hopeless and believed they would go hungry without the crop.

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Page 6

Q1. Who or what did Lencho have faith in? What did he do?

Ans: Lencho had absolute faith in God. He believed God would help him in his difficult time. He wrote a letter to God asking for 100 pesos.

Q2. Who read the letter?

Ans: The postmaster read the letter addressed to God.

Q3. What did the postmaster do then?

Ans: The postmaster was touched by Lencho’s faith. He collected money from the post office employees and contributed some himself. He managed to gather 70 pesos and sent it to Lencho.

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Page 7

Q1. Was Lencho surprised to find a letter for him with money in it?

Ans: No, Lencho wasn’t surprised because he was confident that God would reply to his letter.

Q2. What made him angry?

Ans: Lencho became angry when he found only 70 pesos instead of 100. He believed that God had sent the full amount, but someone at the post office had stolen the rest.

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Thinking About the Text (Long Answers)

1. Who does Lencho have complete faith in? Which sentences in the story tell you this?

Ans: Lencho had complete faith in God. He was sure that God would help him in his time of need. This is clear from the line:

"It was during the meal that, as Lencho had predicted, big drops of rain began to fall."

Also, he wrote in the letter, “God: if you don’t help me, my family and I will go hungry.”

2. Why does the postmaster send money to Lencho? Why does he sign the letter ‘God’?

Ans: The postmaster was touched by Lencho’s innocent faith. He didn’t want Lencho to lose faith in God. So he collected money to help him. He signed the letter as ‘God’ to make Lencho believe that God had answered him.

3. Did Lencho try to find out who had sent the money to him? Why/Why not?

Ans: No, Lencho did not try to find out who had sent the money because he believed that God had sent it. His faith was so strong that he didn’t doubt it for a second.

4. Who does Lencho think has taken the rest of the money? What is the irony in the situation?

Ans: Lencho believed that the post office employees had stolen 30 pesos.

The irony is that the same people he accused were the ones who actually helped him. This shows dramatic irony, where the readers know something the character doesn’t.

5. Are there people like Lencho in the real world? What kind of a person was he?

Ans: Yes, there are still people who have simple, innocent faith like Lencho. He was a poor farmer, but very honest and full of hope. His belief in God was unshaken even during hardship.

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Extra / Additional Important Questions and Answers

1. What does the story teach us?

Ans: The story teaches us about faith, human kindness, and how good intentions can be misunderstood. It also shows that in difficult times, hope keeps us going.

2. Do you think the post office employees did the right thing? Why?

Ans: Yes, they did the right thing. Even though they were not rich, they showed humanity and kindness by helping someone who believed in a higher power.

3. What is the moral of ‘A Letter to God’?

Ans: The moral is that faith can move mountains, but sometimes our expectations can blind us from seeing the good in others.

4. Describe Lencho’s character in a few points.

Deeply religious

Innocent and honest

Hardworking farmer

Emotionally connected to nature

Unshaken faith in God

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Chapter 2: Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom

By Nelson Mandela

Published on: Vidya Unnati Academy

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Chapter Summary (Long Explanation)

This chapter is an excerpt from Nelson Mandela’s autobiography Long Walk to Freedom. It narrates Mandela’s early life, upbringing, and the values that shaped his journey towards fighting apartheid. Born into the royal family of the Thembu tribe, Mandela’s father was a chief who taught him about leadership, fairness, and responsibility.

Mandela’s original name was Rolihlahla, which means “troublemaker,” reflecting his rebellious and courageous spirit. He was sent to mission schools, where he was given the English name “Nelson.” Through his education, Mandela was exposed to ideas of justice and equality that contrasted sharply with the harsh realities of apartheid South Africa, where racial discrimination was institutionalized.

Despite the challenges, Mandela committed himself to the struggle for freedom and equality. He joined the African National Congress (ANC) and dedicated his life to ending racial segregation. The chapter highlights Mandela’s determination, leadership, and belief in justice despite hardships like imprisonment and personal sacrifice.

This story inspires readers to stand up against injustice, value education, and have the courage to follow their convictions.

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Oral Comprehension Check (Detailed Answers)

Page Reference: Textbook pages 8-10

Q1. Who was Nelson Mandela’s father? What values did he teach Mandela?

Ans: Mandela’s father was a chief of the Thembu tribe. He was respected for his wisdom and leadership. He taught Mandela about justice, responsibility, and the importance of serving his people.

Q2. What does Mandela’s real name, Rolihlahla, mean?

Ans: Rolihlahla means “troublemaker” in the Xhosa language, symbolizing Mandela’s spirited and rebellious nature.

Q3. How did Mandela get the English name ‘Nelson’?

Ans: Mandela was given the name “Nelson” by his school teacher on the first day of school, a common practice in mission schools to give children English names.

Q4. What kind of education did Mandela receive?

Ans: Mandela attended mission schools where he learned Western education alongside African cultural values. This combination broadened his worldview and shaped his beliefs about equality.

Q5. How did Mandela react when he saw racial discrimination in the city?

Ans: Mandela became aware of the injustice faced by black South Africans and decided to fight against apartheid by joining the African National Congress (ANC).

Q6. What qualities of Mandela’s character are highlighted in this chapter?

Ans: Mandela’s courage, leadership, honesty, and deep commitment to justice and equality are emphasized.

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Thinking About the Text (Long Answers)

1. Why was Mandela’s childhood important in shaping his future?

Mandela’s childhood was crucial because his father’s teachings gave him a strong sense of justice and leadership. Being part of a royal family made him aware of his responsibility towards his people. This foundation prepared him to become a leader in the fight for freedom.

2. What does Mandela mean when he says he was “not a saint”?

Mandela meant that he was an ordinary person who made mistakes but learned from them. His humanity and imperfections did not stop him from pursuing justice and equality.

3. How did Mandela’s education influence his views on equality?

Mandela’s education exposed him to Western ideas of law, justice, and democracy. Combined with his African roots, it made him realize the unfairness of apartheid and motivated him to fight for equal rights.

4. Explain the significance of Mandela’s name ‘Rolihlahla’ in the context of his life.

The name “Rolihlahla,” meaning “troublemaker,” reflects Mandela’s rebellious spirit. He challenged the unjust apartheid system and became a symbol of resistance and courage.

5. What lessons does Mandela’s story teach young readers?

Mandela’s story teaches the importance of courage, perseverance, standing up against injustice, and the power of education to bring change.

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Additional Important Questions and Answers

Q1. What was apartheid and how did it affect Mandela and his people?

Ans: Apartheid was a system of racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. It deprived black people of their rights and freedom. Mandela and his people suffered under this system, which motivated Mandela to fight against it.

Q2. Why did Mandela join the African National Congress (ANC)?

Ans: Mandela joined the ANC because it was a political organization working to end apartheid and secure equal rights for black South Africans.

Q3. Describe the sacrifices Mandela made for freedom.

Ans: Mandela sacrificed his freedom by spending many years in prison. He gave up personal comfort to lead the struggle for justice.

Q4. How did Mandela’s leadership inspire others?

Ans: Mandela’s courage, vision, and willingness to forgive inspired millions to join the fight against apartheid and work towards reconciliation.

Q5. What qualities made Mandela a great leader?

Ans: Mandela’s honesty, humility, perseverance, courage, and vision made him a respected and beloved leader.

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Moral and Life Lessons from the Chapter

Courage to fight injustice even in adversity.

Perseverance towards a just cause.

Leadership grounded in humility and service.

Hope and belief in a better future.

Equality and human dignity as fundamental rights.

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Character Sketch: Nelson Mandela

Rebellious yet wise and thoughtful.

Courageous and determined in face of hardship.

Honest and humble 

about his imperfections.

Inspiring leader who united people.

Visionary committed to justice and equality.

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Chapter 3: Two Stories About Flying

By Liam O’Flaherty and Anne M. Sullivan

Published on: Vidya Unnati Academy

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Chapter Summary (Long Explanation)

This chapter contains two different stories that revolve around the theme of flying, each highlighting contrasting perspectives on human aspirations and limitations.

The first story by Liam O’Flaherty is about a man named Tom who is terrified of flying in an airplane. The story captures his feelings of fear, nervousness, and anxiety as he boards the plane. Through his internal struggle, we see a vivid description of his emotions — from reluctance to fear of losing control — which many readers can relate to. The story portrays human vulnerability and the instinct to cling to safety.

The second story by Anne M. Sullivan is an inspiring narrative about a girl named Helen Keller and her teacher Anne Sullivan (same name as the author). It highlights Helen’s remarkable journey of learning to “fly” despite being blind and deaf. Helen’s story is about overcoming physical limitations through perseverance, patience, and love. Her teacher Anne helps her understand the world by teaching her language through touch. This story is a tribute to human courage, determination, and the power of education.

Together, these stories show that “flying” is not just about physical flight but about overcoming fears, limitations, and reaching for freedom in different ways.

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Oral Comprehension Check (Detailed Answers)

Page Reference: Textbook pages 11-15

Q1. Why was Tom afraid to fly?

Ans: Tom was afraid because flying was a new experience for him, and he felt nervous about losing control and the risks involved in flying high above the ground.

Q2. How did Tom try to calm himself during the flight?

Ans: Tom tried to distract himself by looking out the window, thinking about safe landing, and reminding himself that flying is common and generally safe.

Q3. Who was Helen Keller?

Ans: Helen Keller was a girl who was both blind and deaf. Despite her disabilities, she learned to communicate and understand the world through the help of her teacher Anne Sullivan.

Q4. How did Anne Sullivan teach Helen to communicate?

Ans: Anne Sullivan used a method of spelling words into Helen’s hand by touching her palm, fingers, and wrist in different patterns. This helped Helen associate the touch with objects and concepts.

Q5. What is the meaning of “flying” in Helen Keller’s story?

Ans: In Helen’s story, “flying” symbolizes freedom, learning, and overcoming physical barriers. It means rising above challenges through knowledge and determination.

Q6. What emotions does the story evoke in the reader?

Ans: The stories evoke fear and anxiety in the first, and hope and inspiration in the second. Together, they show the human capacity to feel vulnerable and also courageous.

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Thinking About the Text (Long Answers)

1. Compare Tom’s fear of flying with Helen Keller’s determination to learn. What do these stories teach us?

Tom’s story shows how fear can limit us, while Helen’s story shows how determination can help us overcome limits. The stories teach us that while fear is natural, courage and persistence are more powerful.

2. What does flying symbolize in both stories?

Flying symbolizes freedom, hope, and aspiration. For Tom, flying is a physical experience filled with fear. For Helen, flying is a metaphor for breaking through physical limitations to gain knowledge and independence.

3. How does Anne Sullivan’s teaching method reflect patience and love?

Anne Sullivan’s method required immense patience as Helen initially did not understand. Through constant effort and care, she helped Helen connect language with the world, showing the power of love and dedication in teaching.

4. Why do you think the author chose to put these two stories together?

The author wanted to contrast fear with hope and show two very different experiences related to flying. It encourages readers to face fears and appreciate the power of perseverance.

5. What can we learn about human nature from these stories?

We learn that humans are capable of both fear and great courage. Despite fears and challenges, with support and determination, people can achieve remarkable things.

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Additional Important Questions and Answers

Q1. What emotions did Tom experience during his first flight?

Ans: Tom experienced nervousness, fear, anxiety, and a desire for safety.

Q2. How did Helen Keller’s disabilities affect her early life?

Ans: Helen’s blindness and deafness made it very difficult for her to communicate and understand her surroundings, which caused frustration and isolation.

Q3. What role did Anne Sullivan play in Helen Keller’s life?

Ans: Anne was a patient and devoted teacher who opened the world to Helen by teaching her language and communication, transforming her life.

Q4. What lesson do we get from Helen Keller’s story?

Ans: The lesson is that with patience, education, and support, even severe disabilities can be overcome.

Q5. How does the chapter encourage us to face challenges?

Ans: The chapter encourages us to confront fears like Tom did and to be persistent like Helen, showing that challenges can be overcome with courage and help.

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Moral and Life Lessons from the Chapter

Fear is natural but should not stop us from trying new experiences.

Persistence and education can overcome even the greatest obstacles.

The power of a caring mentor or teacher is invaluable.

Human spirit can soar beyond physical limits through determination.

Facing challenges bravely leads to growth and freedom.

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Character Sketch

Tom

Nervous and fearful about new experiences

Vulnerable but tries to stay calm

Represents common human fear of the unknown

Helen Keller

Brave and determined despite disabilities

Curious and eager to learn

Symbol of hope and human potential

Anne Sullivan

Patient and loving teacher

Dedicated and resourceful

Inspires through kindness and hard work

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Chapter 4: From the Diary of Anne Frank

By Anne Frank

Published on: Vidya Unnati Academy

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Chapter Summary (Long Explanation)

This chapter is an excerpt from the diary of Anne Frank, a young Jewish girl hiding from the Nazis during World War II. Anne’s diary provides a personal and intimate look into her thoughts, fears, hopes, and daily life while in hiding.

The excerpt focuses on Anne’s reflections about the people with whom she is hiding and the tension of their situation. Despite the fear and uncertainty, Anne’s writing reveals her resilience, hope for freedom, and her belief in the goodness of people. She talks about the boredom and the small joys, but also the conflicts and irritations that arise when many people live in close quarters.

The diary reveals Anne’s growth from a naive child to a thoughtful young girl aware of the harsh realities of the world. It captures the universal emotions of hope, fear, frustration, and the longing for a normal life.

Through Anne’s words, readers get a glimpse of the human spirit enduring through darkness and the importance of hope and courage in difficult times.

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Oral Comprehension Check (Detailed Answers)

Page Reference: Textbook pages 20-23

Q1. Where was Anne Frank hiding?

Ans: Anne Frank was hiding in a secret annex in Amsterdam, with her family and others, to escape Nazi persecution.

Q2. What were Anne’s feelings about the people in the annex?

Ans: Anne had mixed feelings; sometimes she felt annoyed with the quarrels and tensions, but she also understood everyone’s fears and tried to be patient.

Q3. What did Anne mean when she said she was “worrying about nothing”?

Ans: Anne sometimes worried about things that might never happen. She recognized that fear can make problems seem bigger than they really are.

Q4. How did Anne try to keep her spirits up?

Ans: Anne kept hope alive by focusing on her dreams, writing in her diary, and believing in a better future.

Q5. What does the diary reveal about Anne’s character?

Ans: It reveals Anne as thoughtful, mature beyond her years, optimistic, and full of courage despite the harsh conditions.

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Thinking About the Text (Long Answers)

1. Why is Anne Frank’s diary important?

Ans: Anne’s diary is important because it offers a personal and human perspective on the horrors of war and persecution. It tells the story of an ordinary girl in extraordinary circumstances, helping readers understand history through her eyes.

2. What are some challenges faced by people in hiding?

Ans: Challenges included fear of discovery, boredom, lack of freedom, cramped living conditions, and tensions among the people hiding together.

3. How does Anne’s diary show hope despite difficult times?

Ans: Anne writes about her dreams and belief in human goodness. Her determination to keep writing and stay positive shows hope that the war will end and peace will return.

4. What emotions does Anne’s writing evoke in the reader?

Ans: Her writing evokes sympathy, sadness, admiration for her courage, and a deep sense of empathy for those who suffer in war.

5. What lesson can we learn from Anne Frank’s story?

Ans: We learn about resilience, the importance of hope, and the value of freedom and human rights.

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Additional Important Questions and Answers

Q1. What was the secret annex?

Ans: It was a hidden part of a building where Anne Frank and others hid from the Nazis.

Q2. How did Anne deal with fear and uncertainty?

Ans: Anne dealt with fear by writing her thoughts and focusing on positive hopes for the future.

Q3. Why did Anne write a diary?

Ans: She wrote to express her feelings and thoughts, and to keep a record of her experiences.

Q4. What message does Anne’s diary give to the world?

Ans: It reminds us of the human cost of hatred and war, and the power of hope and courage.

Q5. How does Anne’s diary inspire readers today?

Ans: It inspires readers to be brave, to value freedom, and to never lose hope even in the darkest times.

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Moral and Life Lessons from the Chapter

Courage and hope can survive even in the worst situations.

Writing and expressing oneself can be a source of strength.

Understanding and empathy for those who suffer are essential.

History should teach us to prevent hatred and injustice.

The human spirit is powerful and resilient.

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Character Sketch

Anne Frank

Young, coura

geous, and hopeful

Honest and reflective writer

Mature beyond her years

Optimistic despite adversity

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Chapter 5: The Hundred Dresses – I

By Eleanor Estes

Published on: Vidya Unnati Academy

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Chapter Summary (Long Explanation)

“The Hundred Dresses – I” tells the story of a girl named Wanda Petronski, who lives in a small town and goes to school with the narrator, Peggy. Wanda is poor and different from the other children. Every day she wears the same faded blue dress, which makes her a target of teasing by her classmates.

The other girls, especially Peggy and Maddie, tease Wanda by mocking her for supposedly owning “a hundred dresses” at home in Poland, which Wanda denies. Wanda is quiet but holds her dignity despite the teasing.

The story explores themes of bullying, loneliness, and the cruelty of children towards those who are different. It also introduces the idea of regret and kindness that will be developed further in the next part.

Wanda’s character symbolizes many children who face discrimination and hardship silently. The story challenges readers to reflect on their own behavior towards others.

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Oral Comprehension Check (Detailed Answers)

Page Reference: Textbook pages 25-29

Q1. Who is Wanda Petronski?

Ans: Wanda Petronski is a poor girl in the class who always wears the same faded blue dress. She is shy and doesn’t speak much.

Q2. Why did the other children tease Wanda?

Ans: They teased her because she looked different and poor. They made fun of her old dress and laughed at her Polish background.

Q3. What did Peggy and her friends say about Wanda’s “hundred dresses”?

Ans: Peggy and the others joked that Wanda claimed to have a hundred dresses at home in Poland, which they thought was a lie.

Q4. How did Wanda react to the teasing?

Ans: Wanda did not fight back or argue. She was quiet and endured the teasing with dignity.

Q5. How did Peggy feel about the teasing later on?

Ans: Peggy felt guilty and sorry about teasing Wanda but didn’t know how to make things right.

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Thinking About the Text (Long Answers)

1. Why did Wanda wear the same dress every day?

Ans: Wanda wore the same dress because her family was poor and could not afford new clothes. This made her stand out among her classmates.

2. What does the teasing reveal about the other children?

Ans: The teasing reveals the children’s lack of empathy and cruelty towards someone who is different and less fortunate.

3. Why did Peggy and her friends laugh at Wanda’s claim about the hundred dresses?

Ans: They laughed because they couldn’t believe Wanda could have so many dresses when she looked so poor, and they thought she was lying.

4. How does Wanda’s silence affect the story?

Ans: Wanda’s silence highlights her loneliness and the unfairness of the situation. It shows her strength but also the isolation caused by bullying.

5. What lessons can readers learn from this chapter?

Ans: Readers learn about the harm caused by bullying, the importance of kindness, and the need to understand others’ struggles before judging them.

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Additional Important Questions and Answers

Q1. What kind of student was Wanda?

Ans: Wanda was a good student who worked hard despite her difficult circumstances.

Q2. Did Wanda have any friends?

Ans: Wanda was mostly alone because other children teased her and avoided her.

Q3. What was Peggy’s attitude towards Wanda in the beginning?

Ans: Peggy participated in teasing Wanda but later felt regret for her behavior.

Q4. What do you think the “hundred dresses” symbolize?

Ans: The “hundred dresses” symbolize Wanda’s dreams, hopes, and dignity that she holds onto despite poverty.

Q5. How does the story encourage empathy?

Ans: It encourages readers to put themselves in Wanda’s place and realize the pain caused by teasing and exclusion.

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Moral and Life Lessons from the Chapter

Never judge people by their appearance or wealth.

Bullying causes real pain and should be stopped.

Kindness and understanding are more important than making fun of others.

Everyone has dreams and dignity, no matter their background.

Regret can be a sign that we should change our behavior for the better.

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Character Sketch

Wanda Petronski

Poor and shy

Quiet but strong and dignified

Good student despite hardships

Symbolizes innocence and courage

Peggy (Narrator)

Initially part of the teasing group

Feels guilty later

Learns about empathy and kindness

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Chapter 6: The Hundred Dresses – II

By Eleanor Estes

Published on: Vidya Unnati Academy

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Chapter Summary (Long Explanation)

“The Hundred Dresses – II” continues the story of Wanda Petronski, focusing on what happens after Wanda moves away from the school. The narrator, Peggy, reflects on the consequences of the teasing and the lesson it teaches.

One day, the class participates in a drawing contest, where students are asked to draw dresses. Peggy is amazed at Wanda’s drawings, which are beautiful and detailed—showing one hundred different dresses. These drawings reveal Wanda’s talent and imagination, far beyond what the classmates had believed.

Peggy feels deep regret for not standing up for Wanda and for joining in the teasing. She and the other students realize the cruelty of their behavior and the pain it caused Wanda.

The story ends with a powerful message about kindness, empathy, and the importance of standing up against bullying.

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Oral Comprehension Check (Detailed Answers)

Page Reference: Textbook pages 30-34

Q1. What happened to Wanda Petronski?

Ans: Wanda moved away from the town and school because of the teasing and loneliness.

Q2. What was the drawing contest about?

Ans: The teacher asked the students to draw a dress that they would like to own, as part of an art contest.

Q3. How did Wanda’s drawings surprise the class?

Ans: Wanda’s drawings were beautiful, creative, and detailed. She had drawn one hundred different dresses, proving her talent and imagination.

Q4. How did Peggy feel after seeing Wanda’s drawings?

Ans: Peggy felt ashamed and guilty for having teased Wanda. She realized how wrong and cruel their behavior had been.

Q5. What lesson did the class learn?

Ans: The class learned the importance of kindness, empathy, and the harm caused by teasing and bullying.

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Thinking About the Text (Long Answers)

1. Why did Wanda leave the school?

Ans: Wanda left the school because she was hurt and lonely due to constant teasing from her classmates.

2. What did Wanda’s drawings reveal about her?

Ans: The drawings revealed Wanda’s creativity, talent, and rich imagination. They showed that she was much more than the poor girl the others had mocked.

3. How did the other students feel after seeing the drawings?

Ans: The students felt regret and shame for making fun of Wanda. They understood that their teasing was unfair and hurtful.

4. What does the story teach about judging others?

Ans: The story teaches that judging people based on appearances or rumors is wrong. Everyone has hidden talents and feelings.

5. How can we prevent bullying and teasing in schools?

Ans: By showing empathy, standing up for others, respecting differences, and being kind to everyone.

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Additional Important Questions and Answers

Q1. How did Peggy try to make up for her behavior?

Ans: Peggy did not get a chance to make it up to Wanda directly, but she promised herself never to tease or judge anyone again.

Q2. What is the significance of the “hundred dresses”?

Ans: The “hundred dresses” symbolize Wanda’s dreams, talent, and individuality, which were hidden behind her poor appearance.

Q3. What message does this story give to students?

Ans: The story encourages students to be kind, not to bully others, and to appreciate everyone’s unique qualities.

Q4. How does the story show the effects of bullying?

Ans: It shows how bullying can lead to loneliness, sadness, and loss of self-esteem.

Q5. What could Peggy have done differently?

Ans: Peggy could have stood up for Wanda, stopped the teasing, and included her instead of mocking her.

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Moral and Life Lessons from the Chapter

Always treat others with respect and kindness, regardless of their background.

Don’t judge people by their appearance or what others say.

Everyone has hidden talents and dreams.

Bullying hurts deeply and can change someone’s life.

It is never too late to learn from mistakes and change for the better.

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Character Sketch

Wanda Petronski

Talented artist

Victim of bullying

Courageous and dignified despite hardships

Peggy (Narrator)

Learns valuable lessons about empathy

Feels remorse for her past actions

Grows in understanding and kindness

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Chapter 7: Glimpses of India – I

By Jwala Prasad Agarwal

Published on: Vidya Unnati Academy

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Chapter Summary (Long Explanation)

“Glimpses of India – I” is an essay that provides an insightful overview of the diverse and rich culture, geography, and heritage of India. The author, Jwala Prasad Agarwal, expresses deep pride in the country’s natural beauty, its historical monuments, and the spirit of its people.

The essay highlights India’s vast landscape, from mountains to rivers, deserts to fertile plains. It discusses how India is a land of contrasts and unity, where many religions, languages, and traditions coexist.

Agarwal emphasizes India’s ancient heritage, including its contribution to science, art, and spirituality. The essay also mentions the country’s struggle for freedom and its achievements as a modern democratic nation.

Through vivid descriptions, the essay creates a strong sense of patriotism and invites readers to appreciate India’s unique identity and its continuous journey towards progress.

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Oral Comprehension Check (Detailed Answers)

Page Reference: Textbook pages 40-43

Q1. What is the main theme of the essay “Glimpses of India – I”?

Ans: The main theme is the diversity, heritage, and beauty of India, showcasing its natural and cultural richness.

Q2. How does the author describe the geographical diversity of India?

Ans: The author describes India’s landscape as varied, including mountains, rivers, deserts, and plains, highlighting the country’s natural beauty.

Q3. What examples of India’s ancient heritage does the essay mention?

Ans: The essay mentions India’s contributions to science, art, spirituality, and the existence of historical monuments and temples.

Q4. How does the author view India’s struggle for freedom?

Ans: The author sees it as a proud and heroic chapter in India’s history, showing the courage and unity of its people.

Q5. What message does the essay give about India’s future?

Ans: The essay conveys optimism about India’s progress and its continued development as a democratic nation.

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Thinking About the Text (Long Answers)

1. Why is India called a land of diversity?

Ans: India is called a land of diversity because it has many different cultures, languages, religions, and geographical features coexisting in harmony.

2. How does the author’s pride in India come through in the essay?

Ans: The author uses positive and vivid descriptions of India’s natural beauty, rich history, and achievements, showing deep respect and pride.

3. What role does geography play in shaping India’s identity?

Ans: Geography influences the way of life, culture, and economy in different parts of India, making it unique and varied.

4. Why is it important to remember India’s freedom struggle?

Ans: Remembering the freedom struggle honors the sacrifices of those who fought for independence and inspires national unity.

5. What can readers learn about India’s culture from this essay?

Ans: Readers learn that India’s culture is rich, ancient, and vibrant, with a blend of many traditions and beliefs.

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Additional Important Questions and Answers

Q1. What makes India unique compared to other countries?

Ans: Its unity in diversity, ancient heritage, and democratic values make India unique.

Q2. How do India’s natural features contribute to its beauty?

Ans: Mountains, rivers, deserts, and plains create diverse landscapes that attract people and support agriculture and wildlife.

Q3. How has India contributed to science and spirituality?

Ans: Through ancient scholars, inventions, philosophies, and spiritual teachings that have influenced the world.

Q4. What is the significance of the different religions in India?

Ans: They represent the country’s cultural diversity and contribute to its rich traditions.

Q5. How does India balance tradition and modernity?

Ans: By preserving its heritage while embracing development and democratic principles.

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Moral and Life Lessons from the Chapter

Appreciate and respect cultural diversity.

Understand the importance of heritage and history.

Value unity despite differences.

Recognize the sacrifices made for freedom.

Embrace progress while honoring tradition.

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Character Sketch (Author’s Perspective)

Jwala Prasad Agarwal

Patriotic and proud of India

Observant and descriptive writer

Encourages respect for diversity and history

Optimistic about India’s future

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Chapter 8: Glimpses of India – II

By:- Jwala Prasad Agarwal

Published on: Vidya Unnati Academy

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Chapter Summary (Long Explanation)

“Glimpses of India – II” is a continuation of the exploration of India’s rich cultural heritage and natural beauty. The author, Jwala Prasad Agarwal, takes the reader on a deeper journey into the country’s diversity, focusing on its people, customs, festivals, and the spirit that unites the nation.

The essay highlights the varied festivals celebrated across India, reflecting the country’s religious and cultural pluralism. It explains how these festivals, though different in customs, bring people together in joy and harmony.

Agarwal also discusses the importance of traditional arts, crafts, and music, showing how they keep India’s cultural legacy alive. The author praises the resilience and warmth of Indian people, who welcome guests with open hearts.

Finally, the essay reflects on India’s progress and challenges, emphasizing the need for unity and understanding to build a better future.

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Oral Comprehension Check (Detailed Answers)

Page Reference: Textbook pages 44-47

Q1. What are some festivals mentioned in the essay?

Ans: The essay mentions Diwali, Eid, Christmas, and Holi as examples of festivals celebrated in India.

Q2. How do festivals help in uniting people?

Ans: Festivals bring people together regardless of religion or background, fostering friendship and harmony.

Q3. What role do traditional arts and crafts play in Indian culture?

Ans: They preserve India’s cultural heritage and showcase the creativity of its people.

Q4. How are Indian people described in the essay?

Ans: Indian people are described as warm, hospitable, and resilient.

Q5. What challenges does India face according to the essay?

Ans: India faces challenges like poverty, illiteracy, and social inequality, but there is hope for progress through unity.

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Thinking About the Text (Long Answers)

1. Why are festivals important in Indian culture?

Ans: Festivals celebrate religious and cultural diversity and help bring people together in celebration and peace.

2. How do arts and crafts contribute to India’s identity?

Ans: They represent the skills, traditions, and history of different communities, keeping culture alive.

3. What qualities of Indian people are highlighted?

Ans: Warmth, hospitality, resilience, and a spirit of togetherness are highlighted.

4. Why does the author emphasize unity for India’s future?

Ans: Unity is essential to overcome challenges and build a prosperous and harmonious society.

5. What lessons can we learn from India’s diversity?

Ans: We learn tolerance, respect for differences, and the strength that comes from living in harmony.

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Additional Important Questions and Answers

Q1. How do different religions contribute to India’s festivals?

Ans: Each religion brings its unique celebrations, enriching the country’s cultural tapestry.

Q2. What is the significance of hospitality in Indian culture?

Ans: Hospitality is seen as a virtue; guests are treated with respect and care.

Q3. How do arts and crafts help in economic development?

Ans: They provide livelihoods to many and promote tourism.

Q4. What role does tradition play in modern India?

Ans: Tradition provides cultural roots and identity while coexist with modernization.

Q5. How can people contribute to India’s unity and progress?

Ans: By respecting diversity, working together, and supporting education and equality.

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Moral and Life Lessons from the Chapter

Celebrate diversity with respect and joy.

Preserve cultural heritage through arts and crafts.

Show kindness and hospitality to everyone.

Understand that unity is strength.

Work together to overcome social challenges.

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Character Sketch (Author’s Perspective)

Jwala Prasad Agarwal

Proud advocate of India’s cultural richness

Observant of social dynamics

Encourages unity and progress

Optimistic about India’s future

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Chapter 9: Mijbil the Otter

By Gavin Maxwell

Published on: Vidya Unnati Academy

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Chapter Summary (Long Explanation)

“Mijbil the Otter” is a touching and vivid narrative by Gavin Maxwell about his experience raising a wild otter cub named Mijbil. The story begins when the author and his family visit Iraq, where they encounter this playful creature.

The otter cub is small, lively, and curious. Gavin Maxwell brings him home and names him Mijbil. Over time, the author describes Mijbil’s mischievous behavior, energetic playfulness, and gradual adaptation to a domestic environment. The otter becomes a beloved member of the household.

The story showcases the bond between humans and animals, emphasizing compassion, patience, and the joy that animals bring. It also highlights the challenges of caring for a wild creature in captivity.

Through vivid imagery and emotional storytelling, Maxwell captures the otter’s unique personality and the deep connection formed between species.

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Oral Comprehension Check (Detailed Answers)

Page Reference: Textbook pages 48-51

Q1. Where did the author find Mijbil?

Ans: The author found Mijbil in Iraq, near the Tigris River.

Q2. How did Mijbil behave when he first arrived at the author’s home?

Ans: Mijbil was playful, curious, and full of energy. He explored his new surroundings with excitement.

Q3. What were some challenges faced in raising Mijbil?

Ans: The challenges included feeding him properly, managing his mischievous behavior, and ensuring his safety.

Q4. How did Mijbil adapt to life in captivity?

Ans: Over time, Mijbil learned to trust the family and adjusted to his domestic environment, though he retained his wild nature.

Q5. What does the story teach us about human-animal relationships?

Ans: It teaches that patience, love, and respect are important when forming bonds with animals, and that animals can bring great joy.

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Thinking About the Text (Long Answers)

1. Describe Mijbil’s personality as shown in the story.

Ans: Mijbil was lively, playful, mischievous, and curious. Despite being wild, he showed affection and trust toward the author.

2. Why did the author choose to keep Mijbil?

Ans: The author was fascinated by Mijbil’s charm and wanted to care for him, forming a unique bond with the otter.

3. What does the story reveal about the challenges of keeping a wild animal as a pet?

Ans: It shows that wild animals need special care, patience, and understanding, and they may not behave like ordinary pets.

4. How does the author describe his feelings for Mijbil?

Ans: The author expresses affection, amusement, and admiration for Mijbil, showing a deep emotional connection.

5. What lesson do we learn about wildlife and humans from the story?

Ans: We learn the importance of respecting wildlife and the joy that comes from forming bonds, but also the responsibility involved.

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Additional Important Questions and Answers

Q1. Why was Mijbil named so?

Ans: Mijbil was named after a word from the local language in Iraq.

Q2. How did the family take care of Mijbil’s diet?

Ans: They fed Mijbil fish and other foods suitable for an otter.

Q3. What kind of environment did Mijbil prefer?

Ans: Mijbil loved water and spent much time swimming and playing in it.

Q4. What role did patience play in raising Mijbil?

Ans: Patience was crucial as Mijbil needed time to adjust and trust the family.

Q5. How does the story inspire compassion toward animals?

Ans: By showing the otter’s personality and the family’s care, it encourages empathy and kindness toward animals.

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Moral and Life Lessons from the Chapter

Animals have unique personalities and feelings.

Patience and love are key to forming bonds with animals.

Respect for wildlife is essential.

Caring for animals brings happiness and responsibility.

Wild animals need special care and understanding.

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Character Sketch (Mijbil)

Playful and lively

Curious and mischievous

Affectionate toward family

Strong and energetic

Adaptable but retains wild nature

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Chapter 10: Madam Rides the Bus

By Vallikkannan

Published on: Vidya Unnati Academy

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Chapter Summary (Long Explanation)

“Madam Rides the Bus” by Vallikkannan is a charming story about the excitement and adventure experienced by a young girl named Valli, who has never ridden a bus before. The story captures the innocence and curiosity of childhood.

Valli, a lively and adventurous girl, spots a bus passing by and decides that she wants to ride it alone to see the world beyond her village. Despite her mother’s warnings, she manages to sneak out and board the bus.

Throughout the bus journey, Valli observes the various sights, interacts with fellow passengers, and experiences a range of emotions from nervousness to thrill. The story vividly describes her observations of the town, the people, and her feelings of independence.

The narrative also touches upon Valli’s realization about the importance of her mother’s love and care. By the end of the journey, she understands that while adventure is exciting, home and family remain precious.

The story beautifully highlights childhood innocence, the spirit of adventure, and the subtle lessons children learn from life experiences.

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Oral Comprehension Check (Detailed Answers)

Page Reference: Textbook pages 52-55

Q1. Who is Valli?

Ans: Valli is a young, adventurous girl who lives in a village and is curious about the world beyond her home.

Q2. Why did Valli want to ride the bus?

Ans: Valli wanted to explore the town and experience the excitement of traveling on a bus, something she had never done before.

Q3. How did Valli manage to get on the bus?

Ans: Despite her mother’s warnings, Valli sneaked out and quickly boarded the bus before anyone could stop her.

Q4. What did Valli notice during the bus journey?

Ans: She noticed the town’s streets, the people, different sights, and she felt thrilled and nervous at the same time.

Q5. What did Valli learn from the experience?

Ans: Valli learned the value of her mother’s care and the comfort of home, realizing that while adventures are exciting, family is important.

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Thinking About the Text (Long Answers)

1. Describe Valli’s character as shown in the story.

Ans: Valli is curious, brave, and independent. She is eager to explore but also respects her mother’s love in the end.

2. What emotions did Valli experience during the bus ride?

Ans: Valli felt excitement, nervousness, curiosity, and eventually a sense of belonging and love for her home.

3. Why was the bus ride special for Valli?

Ans: It was her first experience traveling alone, giving her a taste of freedom and adventure.

4. How does the story reflect childhood innocence?

Ans: The story shows how children see the world with wonder and learn lessons through simple experiences.

5. What message does the story give about family?

Ans: The story emphasizes the importance of family love and care, even as children seek independence.

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Additional Important Questions and Answers

Q1. How did other passengers react to Valli?

Ans: The passengers were curious and friendly, some even smiled at her innocence.

Q2. What sights did Valli see in the town?

Ans: She saw markets, shops, people walking, and children playing.

Q3. How did Valli’s mother react when she found out?

Ans: Her mother was worried but relieved when Valli returned safely.

Q4. What role does adventure play in childhood according to the story?

Ans: Adventure helps children grow, learn, and understand the world beyond home.

Q5. How can parents balance allowing freedom and ensuring safety?

Ans: Parents can guide children with care, teaching them responsibility while supporting their curiosity.

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Moral and Life Lessons from the Chapter

Curiosity and adventure are natural in childhood.

Experience teaches important life lessons.

Family love and care provide safety and comfort.

Independence grows with responsibility.

Respect for parents and their concerns is vital.

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Character Sketch (Valli)

Curious and adventurous

Brave and independent

Observant and thoughtful

Learns from experiences

Values family and home

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Chapter 11: The Proposal (Play)

By Anton Chekhov

Published on: Vidya Unnati Academy

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Chapter Summary (Long Explanation)

“The Proposal” is a one-act comic play written by the famous Russian dramatist Anton Chekhov. The play highlights the irony, foolishness, and petty quarrels of people even in serious situations like a marriage proposal. It is a farcical comedy that satirizes the behavior of the wealthy landowning class.

The story takes place in the house of Chubukov, a landowner. The play begins with Ivan Lomov, a wealthy neighbor of Chubukov, coming to propose marriage to Chubukov’s daughter, Natalya Stepanovna. Chubukov gladly welcomes Lomov, thinking he is there for some legal work. But Lomov soon reveals that he wants to marry Natalya.

However, before Lomov can actually propose, they start arguing about the ownership of a piece of land called Oxen Meadows. Both Lomov and Natalya claim the land belongs to them. Their argument becomes so intense that they forget about the proposal.

Lomov leaves in anger. When Natalya finds out he had come to propose, she regrets her behavior and begs her father to call him back. Lomov returns, but this time they start another fight—this time over which of their dogs is better!

Eventually, Chubukov forces them to stop fighting and pushes them into agreeing to get married. Even then, they keep quarreling.

The play ends humorously, showing how people can behave irrationally and foolishly, even in matters like marriage. It is a satirical take on the pride and pettiness of the Russian upper class.

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Oral Comprehension Check (Detailed Answers)

Beginning of the play

Q1. What does Chubukov at first suspect that Lomov has come for?

Ans: Chubukov at first thinks that Lomov has come to borrow money. He is surprised but pleased when Lomov reveals he has come to propose marriage.

Q2. How does Chubukov react when he hears Lomov’s intention?

Ans: Chubukov is delighted and excited. He says he has been waiting for this for a long time and gives his full support to the match.

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Middle of the play

Q1. What is the argument about Oxen Meadows?

Ans: Lomov claims the land called Oxen Meadows belongs to him, inherited from his ancestors. Natalya argues that her family has always owned it. The argument becomes intense and silly.

Q2. How do their tempers rise during the quarrel?

Ans: Both Lomov and Natalya begin shouting, insulting each other’s families, and ignoring the original purpose of Lomov’s visit. They become stubborn and furious.

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Later in the play

Q1. What happens when Lomov returns after the first quarrel?

Ans: Natalya, upon learning Lomov came to propose, feels sorry and urges her father to call him back. When he returns, she tries to be friendly.

Q2. What do they fight about the second time?

Ans: They start arguing about whose dog is better—Natalya’s dog Squeezer or Lomov’s dog Guess. The silly argument again turns into loud shouting.

Q3. How does the play end?

Ans: Chubukov forces both Lomov and Natalya to stop fighting and declares them engaged. Lomov accepts the proposal, and everyone cheers, though they still keep arguing.

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Thinking About the Text (Long Answers)

1. What makes “The Proposal” a comedy?

Ans: “The Proposal” is a comedy because of its exaggerated characters, humorous situations, and foolish arguments. The play presents a serious situation like marriage in a funny and ironic way. The constant quarrels, misunderstandings, and dramatic reactions create humor throughout the play.

2. Describe the character of Ivan Lomov.

Ans: Lomov is a nervous, wealthy landowner. He is formal and serious about marriage but is also quick-tempered and proud. He wants to marry not out of love but because he believes it’s a logical choice. He suffers from physical problems like a weak heart, yet he becomes extremely emotional and loud during arguments.

3. How is Natalya portrayed in the play?

Ans: Natalya is 25 years old, energetic, and argumentative. She is proud of her family and estate. She seems eager to get married but starts unnecessary fights. Once she learns Lomov came to propose, she quickly changes her behavior, showing that she does want to get married.

4. What is the role of Chubukov in the play?

Ans: Chubukov is Natalya’s father. He is a humorous character who at first encourages the match but later joins in the quarrels. He is practical and pushes both of them to agree to the proposal. His reactions add to the comedy in the play.

5. What does the play say about marriage and human behavior?

Ans: The play shows that people often behave foolishly in important matters. Marriage is treated more as a deal than a bond of love. The characters are more concerned with property and pride than emotions. The play mocks how even educated and rich people can act immaturely.

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Extra / Additional Important Questions and Answers

Q1. What is the main theme of “The Proposal”?

Ans: The main theme is the foolishness and pride of humans. It also highlights how people give importance to property and ego even in serious matters like marriage.

Q2. Why is the title “The Proposal” appropriate?

Ans: The entire play revolves around Lomov’s attempt to propose marriage to Natalya. Though the actual proposal gets delayed by silly fights, it remains the central event. So, the title is fitting.

Q3. Do you think Lomov and Natalya will live happily after marriage? Why or why not?

Ans: Probably not. Since they start fighting even before getting married, it’s likely that they will continue quarrelling. Their marriage might be full of arguments and ego clashes.

Q4. What is the importance of Oxen Meadows in the play?

Ans: Oxen Meadows is a small piece of land, but it becomes the cause of a huge argument. It symbolizes human greed, pride, and the tendency to fight over unimportant issues.

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Character Sketches

Ivan Lomov

Nervous and formal

Wealthy landowner

Proud and short-tempered

Not romantic but practical about marriage

Natalya Stepanovna

Young and energetic

Argumentative and proud

Traditional and eager to marry

Sensitive to family reputation

Chubukov

Old landowner

Comic and dramatic

Encourages the proposal

Gets involved in the fights

Practical and emotional father

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Moral and Life Lessons from the Chapter

Don’t let ego and pride ruin relationships.

Serious matters require calmness and understanding.

Human behavior can be illogical and dramatic.

Marriage should be based on love and mutual respect.

Quarreling over small things can make us look foolish.

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Conclusion

Mastering English in Class 10 is not just about passing exams—it builds your communication, thinking, and writing skills for life. In this blog, we’ve provided complete summaries, detailed textbook questions and answers, and additional important questions for all 11 chapters of the First Flight (Prose) book. These explanations are crafted to help SEBA students understand the core themes, character insights, and literary values in a simple yet powerful way.

If you revise from this guide regularly, you will not only score high marks in your English exam but also develop a genuine love for literature. Keep learning, stay focused, and trust yourself—success will follow.

– Team Vidya Unnati Academy